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[edit] LaWiki Standards

article naming convention.

[edit] Links and URLs

What it looks like What you type

(Signing comments)

The character tilde (~) is used when adding a comment to a Talk page. You should sign your comment by appending four tildes (~~~~) to the comment so as to add your user name plus date/time:

User:Patricia Zhang 13:40, Jan 14, 2007 (UTC)

Adding three tildes (~~~) will add just your user name:

User:Patricia Zhang

and adding five tildes (~~~~~) gives the date/time alone:

13:40, Jan 14, 2007 (UTC)
  • The first two both provide a link to your user page.

The character '''tilde''' (~) is used when adding a comment to a Talk page. You should sign your comment by appending four tildes (~~~~) to the comment so as to add your user name plus date/time:
:~~~~
Adding three tildes (~~~) will add just your user name:
: ~~~
and adding five tildes (~~~~~) gives the date/time alone:
: ~~~~~

(Redirects)

  • redirect one article title to another by placing a directive like the one shown to the right on the first line of the article (such as at a page titled "Usa").
  • It is possible to redirect to a section. For example, a redirect to United states#history will redirect to the History section of the United states page, if it exists.

#REDIRECT [[United states]]


#REDIRECT [[United states#history]] will redirect to the [[United states]] page, to the History section, if it exists

(Linked and why)

What links here and Related changes pages can be linked as:
Special: whatlinkshere/wikipedia: how to edit a page and Special: recentchangeslinked/wikipedia: how to edit a page

'''What links here''' and '''Related changes''' pages can be linked as:
[[Special: whatlinkshere/wikipedia: how to edit a page]] and
[[Special: recentchangeslinked/ wikipedia: how to edit a page]]

(User edits)

A user's Contributions page can be linked as: Special:contributions/username or Special:contributions/192.0.2.0

A user's '''Contributions''' page can be linked as: [[Special:contributions/username]] or [[Special:contributions/192.0.2.0]]

(Categorize)

  • To put an article in a category, place a link like the one to the right anywhere in the article. As with interlanguage links, it does not matter where you put these links while editing as they will always show up in the same place when you save the page, but placement at the end of the edit box is recommended.

[[Category:character sets]]

(Book sources)

ISBN 012345678X

ISBN 0-12-345678-X

  • Link to books using their isbn. This is preferred to linking to a specific online bookstore, because it gives the reader a choice of vendors. However, if one bookstore or online service provides additional free information, such as table of contents or excerpts from the text, then a link to that source will aid the user and is recommended.
  • ISBN links do not need any extra markup, provided you use one of the indicated formats.

ISBN 012345678X

ISBN 0-12-345678-X

(RFC number)

Text mentioning an RFC number anywhere, e.g. RFC 4321.

Text mentioning an RFC number anywhere, e.g. RFC 4321.

(“As of” tag)

as of” tags like "As of April 2009" and "as of April 2009" categorize info that will need updating.

“[[Wp:as of|as of]]” tags like "{{As of|2009|4|df=us}}" and "{{As of|2009|4|df=us|lc=on}}" categorize info that will need updating.

[edit] Images

Only images that have been uploaded to Wikipedia can be used. To upload images, use the upload page. You can find the uploaded image on the image list.

What it looks like What you type
A picture:

Wiki.png

A picture: 
[[Image:wiki.png]]
With alternative text:

wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

With alternative text:
[[Image:wiki.png|wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.]]
  • Alternative text, used when the image is unavailable or when the image is loaded in a text-only browser, or when spoken aloud, is strongly encouraged. See alternative text for images for help on choosing it.
Floating to the right side of the page using the frame attribute and a caption:
puzzle globe logo
wikipedia encyclopedia

Floating to the right side of the page 
using the ''frame'' attribute and a caption:
[[Image:wiki.png|frame|alt=puzzle globe logo|wikipedia encyclopedia]]
  • The frame tag automatically floats the image right.
  • The caption is also used as alternate text.
Floating to the right side of the page using the thumb attribute and a caption:
puzzle globe logo
wikipedia encyclopedia

Floating to the right side of the page 
using the ''thumb'' attribute and a caption:
[[Image:wiki.png|thumb|alt=puzzle globe logo|wikipedia encyclopedia]]
  • The thumb tag automatically floats the image right.
  • The caption is also used as alternate text.
  • An enlarge icon is placed in the lower right corner.
Floating to the right side of the page without a caption:
wikipedia encyclopedia
Floating to the right side of the page
''without'' a caption:
[[Image:wiki.png|right|wikipedia encyclopedia]]
A picture resized to 30 pixels...

wikipedia encyclopedia

A picture resized to 30 pixels...
[[Image:wiki.png|30 px|wikipedia encyclopedia]]
Linking directly to the description page of an image:

image:wiki.png

Linking directly to the description page
of an image:
[[:image:wiki.png]]
  • Clicking on an image displayed on a page (such as any of the ones above) also leads to the description page.
Linking directly to an image without displaying it:

image of the jigsaw globe logo

Linking directly to an image
without displaying it:
[[Media:wiki.png|image of the jigsaw globe logo]]
  • To include links to images shown as links instead of drawn on the page, use a "media" link.
Using the span and div tag to separate images from text (note that this may allow images to cover text):
Example:
<div style="display:inline;
width:220px; float:right;">
Place images here </div>
Using wiki markup to make a table in which to place a vertical column of images (this helps edit links match headers, especially in Firefox browsers):
Example: {| align=right
|-
| 
Place images here
|}

See the Wikipedia's image use policy as a guideline used on Wikipedia.

For further help on images, including some more versatile abilities, see the picture tutorial.

[edit] Headings

For a heading, put it on a separate line. A level-two heading, the highest level editors use in an article, for example:

  == Introduction ==
  Editing most Wikipedia pages is easy.

Subheadings use '===', '====', and so on, down to level-six.

Level-one headings are automatically generated for the article's title, which is not available in the edit box.

[edit] Character formatting

What it looks like What you type

Italicized text
Bold text
Italicized & Bold text

''Italicized text''
'''Bold text'''
'''''Italicized & Bold text'''''

syntax highlighting for source code.

Computer code has a colored background and more stringent formatting. Suppose we want to define int main(): <source lang=cpp>#include <iostream> int main ( int argc, char **argv ) {

   std::cout << "Hello World!";
   return 0;

}</source>

Computer code has a colored background
and more stringent formatting. Suppose we
want to define <code>int  main()</code>:

<source lang=cpp>#include <iostream>
int main ( int argc,  char **argv ) {
    std::cout << "Hello World!";
    return 0;
}</source>

You can use small text for captions.

You can use <small>small text</small> for captions.

Better stay away from big text, unless it's within small text.

Better stay away from <big>big text</big>, unless
<small> it's <big>within</big> small</small> text.

You can strike out deleted material and underline new material. (double underlining is also possible.)

You can also mark deleted material and inserted material using logical markup. For backwards compatibility better combine this potentially ignored new logical with the old physical markup.

  • When editing regular Wikipedia articles, just make your changes and do not mark them up in any special way.
  • When editing your own previous remarks in talk pages, it is sometimes appropriate to mark up deleted or inserted material.
You can <s>strike out deleted material</s>
and <u>underline new material</u>.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup.
For backwards compatibility better combine this
potentially ignored new <del>logical</del> with
the old <s><del>physical</del></s> markup.

Suppressing interpretation of markup:
Link → (''to'') the [[Wikipedia faq]]

  • Used to show literal data that would otherwise have special meaning.
  • Escape all wiki markup, including that which looks like HTML tags.
  • Does not escape HTML character references.
  • To escape HTML character references such as &rarr; use &amp;rarr;


<nowiki>Link &rarr; (''to'') 
the [[Wikipedia faq]]</nowiki>

Commenting page source:
not shown when viewing page

  • Used to leave comments in a page for future editors.
  • Note that most comments should go on the appropriate talk page.


<!-- comment here -->

Extra spacing within text can best be achieved using the pad template:

Mary   had a little lamb.


Mary {{pad|4em}} had a little lamb.

Diacritical marks:
À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ


&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring; 
&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml; 
&Igrave; &Iacute; &Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve; 
&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde; &Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave; 
&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute; 
&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil; 
&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute;
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc; 
&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute; 
&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;

Punctuation:
¿ ¡ § ¶
† ‡ • – —
‹ › « »
‘ ’ “ ”


&iquest; &iexcl; &sect; &para;
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; &ndash; &mdash;
&lsaquo; &rsaquo; &laquo; &raquo;
&lsquo; &rsquo; &ldquo; &rdquo;

Commercial symbols:
™ © ® ¢ € ¥
£ ¤


&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; 
&pound; &curren;

Subscripts:
x1 x2 x3 or
x₀ x₁ x₂ x₃ x₄
x₅ x₆ x₇ x₈ x₉

Superscripts:
x1 x2 x3 or
x⁰ x¹ x² x³ x⁴
x⁵ x⁶ x⁷ x⁸ x⁹

Combined:
ε0 = 8.85 × 10−12 C² / J m.
1 Hectare = 1 e4 m²

  • The manual of style prefers the x<sub>1</sub> format.
  • The latter methods of sub/superscripting cannot be used in the most general context, as they rely on Unicode support which may not be present on all users' machines. For the 1-2-3 superscripts, it is nevertheless preferred when possible (as with units of measurement) because most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with it.


x<sub>1</sub> x<sub>2</sub> x<sub>3</sub> or
x&#8320; x&#8321; x&#8322; x&#8323; x&#8324;
x&#8325; x&#8326; x&#8327; x&#8328; x&#8329;
x<sup>1</sup> x<sup>2</sup> x<sup>3</sup> or
x&#8304; x&sup1; x&sup2; x&sup3; x&#8308;
x&#8309; x&#8310; x&#8311; x&#8312; x&#8313;
&epsilon;<sub>0</sub> = 8.85 &times;
10<sup>&minus;12</sup> C&sup2; / J m.

1 [[Hectare]] = [[1 e4 m&sup2;]]

Greek characters:
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω


&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta; 
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu; 
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf;
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega;
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi; 
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;

Mathematical characters:
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ℵ ø
∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀
⇒ ⇐ ⇓ ⇑ ⇔
→ ↓ ↑ ← ↔


&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin;
&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge;
&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime;
&nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &alefsym; &oslash;
&isin; &notin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe;
&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; 
&rArr; &lArr; &dArr; &uArr; &hArr;
&rarr; &darr; &uarr; &larr; &harr;

Mathematical formulae:
<math>\,\! \sin x + \ln y</math>
sin x + ln y

<math>\mathbf{x} = \mathbf{0}</math>
x Template:= 0

  • Complex formulae should use <math> markup.
  • Simple formulae may use either <math> markup or HTML/wiki markup using the {{math}} template with <i> and <b> or '' and ''' for formatting. Make sure to replace = with {{[[Template:Template:=|Template:=]]}}.
  • Ordinary text should use wiki markup for emphasis. However, mathematical formulae often use italics, and sometimes use bold, for reasons unrelated to emphasis. Per wikipedia:manual of style (mathematics), wiki markup ('' and ''') is preferred over HTML markup (<i> and <b>), but both are allowed.


<math>\,\! \sin x + \ln y</math><br>
{{math|sin ''x'' + ln ''y''}}

<math>\mathbf{x} = \mathbf{0}</math><br>
{{math|<b>x</b> {{=}} <b>0</b>}}

Spacing in simple math formulae:
Obviously, x2 ≥ 0 is true when x is a real number.

  • Using &nbsp; to prevent linebreak is not needed; the {{math}} template will prevent line breaks anyway; you can use <br> if you need an explicit line break inside a formula.


Obviously, {{math|''x<''<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0}} is true
when {{math|<VAR >x</VAR >}} is a real number.

Complicated formulae:

<math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>
  • See Help:displaying a formula for how to use <math>.
  • A formula displayed on a line by itself should probably be indented by using the colon (:) character.


: <math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>

(see also: Chess symbols in unicode)

[edit] No or limited formatting—showing exactly what is being typed

A few different kinds of formatting will tell the Wiki to display things as you typed them—what you see, is what you get!

What it looks like What you type
<nowiki> tag:

The nowiki tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''. It reformats text by removing newlines and multiple spaces. It still interprets special characters: →

<nowiki>
The nowiki tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
It reformats text by removing newlines 
and multiple spaces.
It still interprets special
characters: &rarr;
</nowiki>
<pre> tag:</br>
The pre tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
It also doesn't     reformat text.
It still interprets special characters: →
<pre>
The pre tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
It also doesn't     reformat text.
It still interprets special characters:
 &rarr;
</pre>
Leading space:

Leading spaces are another way to preserve formatting.


Putting a space at the beginning of each line
stops the text   from being reformatted. 
It still interprets Wiki markup and
special characters: →
Leading spaces are another way 
to preserve formatting.
 Putting a space at the beginning of each line
 stops the text   from being reformatted. 
 It still interprets [[Wiki]] ''markup'' and
 special characters: &rarr;

Contributors

Kozak, Mike

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